Combined key and permutation lock



(No Model.) a Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. WIGHERT. OOMBINED KEY AND PERMUTATION LOGK. No; 581,971.

Patented May 4, 189 7.

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, wuumumu n L (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2i 0. WIGHERT. I COMBINED KEY AND PERMUTATION LOCK.

Patented May 4,- 1897.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. WIOHERT.

V COMBINED KEY AND PERMUTATION LOCK. No. 581,971.

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COMBINED KEY AND PERMUTATION LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 581,971, dated May 4:, 1897.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES Wronnnr, a citizen of the United States,residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Key and Permutation Look, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in looks; and the object of the invention is to provide an ordinary lock and a combination-lock, so that the ordinary or combination lock may be used at will, depending upon which of a pair of push-pins guided in the front of the lock-casing is pushed in.

With this end in View my invention consists of a lock comprising, in combination, two push-pins guided in the lock-casing, one of which forms a stop and the other forms an actuator for said stop-pin, a rotary barrel provided with a striker adapted to engage the tumbler and throw the bolt and also to engage said stop-pin when it is pushed in, a traveler guided in said rotary barrel, said traveler being provided with a laterally-projecting pin and two spring -actuated seg' ments which are in the form of jaws, Within which the barrel rotates, said segments having on their concave inner faces tracks or grooves, cam-surfaces or inclines, and traps, all formed by a peculiar grooving and recessing of the said inner faces of the springactuated segments, which are so arranged that when the stop-pin is pushed in the lock serves as an ordinary lock, inasmuch as the striker on the barrel comes in contact with said stop-pin, while when said stop-pin is in its outermost position the striker is per1nitted to pass, so that the lock is immediately converted into a combination-lock, which in the present form of the invention requires seven movements in order to accomplish the throwing of the bolt, all as will be hereinafter described and then particularly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation showing my improved lock applied to a portion of a door. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3is a side elevation of my improved lock with the face-plate removed in order to show the interior mechanism. Fig. 4. is an enlarged derotated by the key-operated spindle.

tail side view of the spring-actuated segments inclosing the rotary barrel, which is Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5, Fig. at. Figs. 6 and 7 are inner face views of the respective spring-actuated segments, showing the channels, tracks, and cam-surfaces. Fig. 8 is a transverse section 011 the line 8 8, Fig. 6; and Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the traveler which is guided in the rotary barrel.

Similar letters and numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates a portion of a door in which my improved lock is mortised, B the knobs, and B the catch, which is operated by the knob mechanism. (Not necessary to be herein particularly described, as the same is of well-known construction and has nothing to do with the present invention.) I

The key is inserted through a correspond ingly-shaped slot in a rotary dial-plate C, the circumference of which overlaps the escutcheon G which surrounds the key spindle guide-plate O, 0 being the key-spindle,whicl1 is arranged to turn in the guide-plate O, and is provided with a hole O corresponding in cross-section to that of the key, so that when the key is inserted and turned the dial-plate O and also the key-spindle G will be rotated. The inner end of the key-spindle C enters into an axial hole or slot at in the rotarybarrel D, said barrel turning in certain parts to behereinafterdescribed. Projectingradially from the rotary barrel D is a striker d, which is recessed at its outer end in the usual manner, so as to properly engage by its recessed portion the tumbler 6, so that the bolt E may be thrown or retracted by means of the elongated portion of said striker. The bolt, the tumbler, and the springs arranged for actuating the same are as in the ordinary locks.

F is a reciprocating stop-pin which is guided in a suitable orifice in the front of the lockcasing and which is operated by means of a fulcrumed link F connected therewith, and

a reciprocating actuator-pin F, which is guided in an opening in the lock-casing adjacent to the stop-pin F. These pins are common in looks, and the object of the same is that when one is pushed in the other will be thrown out, but the purpose of these pins is here different than before, as will be hereinafter stated. )Vhen the pin F is pushed in, the pin F is pushed out, said pin F being then in the position indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, so that when the key is inserted in the hole in the key-spindle C and the rotary barrel turned the striker (Z on said barrel will either cause the bolt to be thrown or retracted, but when the bolt is thrown it is impossible for the rotary barrel to be turned except for a certain distance, this distance being limited by the contact of the striker d with the inner end of the stop-pin F. The object of this stop-pin F is to prevent the finger or leader-pinj, hereinafter d escribed,from entering the combination-grooves and thus permit the conversion of the ordinary lock into a combination-lock.

The rotary barrel D turns within two springactuated and curved segments G H, the same being pivoted to the casing at opposite sides of said barrel and being provided with springs g h for giving them aspring action, their tendency being toward the barrel. These segments G H are so fitted within the casing and around the barrel D, as that they will always assume a correct position with relation to each other, as it is of the utmost importance that they move within fixed limits. The movements of said segments G and H are confined by means of a lug d projecting radially from the barrel D and by means of the striker d, one or the other of which always slides upon and in confining contact with the segments G and H. The segments G and Il may be, furthermore, cushioned by means of rubber buffers I.

Referring to Figs. 6 and 8 in particular, it will be seen that on the concave inner face of the-segment G, starting from near its pivoted end, is a channel-groove 1, which is slightly upwardly inclined and extends to about the mid-length of said inner face, where it is connected with an upper channelgroove 4, or with alower channel-groove P, or with a middle groove 2, the bottom of which is raised higher at one part than at the other, forming, as it were, a sort of cam-surface. (See dotted lines, Fig. l.) At the outer end of the cam-surface of the groove 2 is formed an inclined shoulder or rise 3, which leads up through a trap-opening 3, that is formed in the top wall of the groove 2 and into the top groove 4. The top groove a matches with the top groove 5, formed in the concave inner face of the other segment H, (see Fig. 7,) a portion of the bottom of which groove 5 is higher at one end than the other, so as to provide a cam-surface. (See dotted lines,Fig. t.) A downwardly-inclined shoulder 5 is formed at the higher end of the cam-surface in the groove 5 and leads through a trap-openin g 5 into the intermediate or middle channelgroove 6 in said segment ll. The groove 6 is closed below the trap-opening 5 but is provided with a trap-opening 6 at one side thereof, and the bottom of said groove 6 beyond the trap-opening 5 is formed with a cam-surface, (see dotted lines, Fig. 4,) at the higher end of which is a downwardly-inclined shoulder 6 which leads to a trap-opening 6, that is formed in the lower wall bounding the groove 6 and into the bottom channelgroove 7. The groove 7, which communicates at two points 6 and 6 with the intermediate groove 6, is formed between these two points with a stop-shoulder 7, said shoulder being squared off at one end and inclined at the other end. The channel-groove 7 in the lower part of the segment ll leads to the starting-point l in the other segment G.

It will be seen that channel-groove 4 enters channel-groove 5, channelgroove 2 enters channel-groove 6, and channel-groove 4: en tcrs channel-groove 7, while channel-groove 7 communicates with channel-groove 1, which communicates with the three channel-grooves 2, 4, and t, as before stated.

In certain of the described channel-grooves there is adapted to travel a pin j, which is swiveled in and projects radially from the body of a traveler J, arranged within an undercut recess d in the barrel D, said traveler having a guide-post J, which extends into a hole in the barrel that communicates with said recess. This traveler is guided in said recess and, by its post or stem, in said. hole in the barrel D, and to ease its movements and overcome unnecessary friction such traveler is provided with trunnions, on which are journaled antifriction rollers j, that ride upon the walls of said recess.

It will be seen that when the barrel D is rotated the leader-pin j, projecting from the traveler J, will ride along the grooved face of each of the segments, but by reason of the peculiar formation of the grooves or tracks said pin will only move along certain portions of said grooves or tracks when the barrel is properly rotated.

In the present form of the invention (it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the exact shape, form, and construction of the sinuous grooves or tracks in said segments) the leader-pin j on the traveler J should be moved first along the upwardly-inclined channel-groove 1 in the direction of the arrow, inasmuch as the bottom of the same is slightly depressed, below the bottom of the channel-grooves 4. and 4: onto the rise or camsurface at the bottom of the groove 2.

In passing alon the cam-surface at the bottom of the middle groove 2 the leader-pin j acts upon said cam-surface, so as to press the segment G outwardly, and when the pin passes said cam-surface the segment G will spring back to its original position, thus permitting the rotary barrel to be moved in the opposite direction (see the arrow) along the incline 3and through the trap-openin g 3 into the top groove at, the bottom of which is slightly depressed below the bottom wall of the trap-opening, so that as the pin passes into the groove & the segment Gis given a further slight inward movement, whereupon when the rotary barrel is turned in the opposite direction the pinj is moved in the direction of the arrow along the top channel-groove 4. From the groove 4 the leader-pin j passes into the communicating channel-groove 5 in the other segment II and rides along said groove in contact with its cam-shaped bottom and, bearing upon the cam-surface thereof, forces the segment II outwardly against the action of its spring until it passes the downwardly-inclined shoulder 5. The barrel D is now given a slight reverse turn in the direction of the arrow, so that the pin riding along the incline of the shoulder 5" passes through the trap'opening 5 into the intermediate c1iai1nel-groove 6, and the leaderpin 7' then falls upon the bottom wall of the groove 6.

Instead of continuing the forward movement and endangering the falling of the pin through the trap-opening 6 the rotary barrel is moved in the opposite direction and the leadenpinj moved along said groove 6 in the direction of the arrow, acting in its passage upon the cam-shaped bottom of said groove, so that the segment II is again forced outwardly against the action of its spring until the leader-pin passes the shoulder 6 whereupon the segment springs back and assumes its original position. A short turn in a reverse direction is now imparted to the barrel, so that the pin travels along the inclined shoulder 6 in the direction of the arrow, through the trap-opening 6, and falls into the bottom groove 7. Should the movement of the barrel in the same direction be continued, the leader-pin would pass over the ridge or shoulder 7, and passing over said shoulder could not be returned in the opposite direction. Instead, however, of continuing the rotation of the barrel in the same direction, it is moved in opposite direction along the bottom of groove 7 and into the communicat ing starting channel-groove 1 of segment G. When the described movements have taken place, the stop-pin F, which must have first been drawn out before starting the movements by pushing in the actuating pin F, permits the striker d on the barrel to actuate the tumbler and retract the bolt.

In the example shown seven movements are necessary in order to accomplish the unlocking of adoor, and the several movements are shown by means of the indications on the dial-plate, which plate is provided with an indefinite number of characters, marks, or letters, preferably letters, and for the purpose of more clearly understanding the invention the words New York are chosen as a key to the seven movements.

In accomplishing the seven movements described it will be seen by reference to Fig. 1 that it will be necessary to impart to the dialplate along rotation from N to E, a short rotation in the reverse direction from E to *vV, another long rotation in the opposite direction from W to Y, another short rotation in a reverse direction from O to R, and another short rotation in reverse direction from R to K, when by moving the dial-plate in. the opposite direction the striker on the barrel actuates the tumbler and retracts the bolt. WVhen, therefore, the pushpin F is pushed in, the striker d, by engaging therewith, prevents the throwing of the combination, so that the lock is used as an ordinary lock; but whenever the actuating-pin F is pushed in and the push-pin F drawn back the striker d can pass said push-pin and the combination is thrown and requires the movements described in order to unlock the door. In this way a lock for ordinary purposes, as well as a lock which is proof against burglars and all those that are not acquainted with the combination, is provided.

To enable the unlocking or locking of a door or other similar part from the inside, an additional key is used, which fits in a keyhole in the hub of a bell-crank M, journaled in the casing, one arm of said bell-crank having contact with a trigger or nose 6 on the tumbler and the other being provided with a projection which works in a hole in the bolt, so that when the bell-crank is rocked to open the door the tumbler will be raised and the bolt retracted. The throwing of the bolt by the inside key can always be done in my lock, whether one or the other of the push-pins is in or out.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. In a lock, the combination, with the bolt mechanism, and push-pins guided in the easing of the lock, of a rotary barrel provided with means adapted to engage one of said push-pins and to operate the bolt mechanism, and means in connection with the barrel for converting the lock from an ordinary lock into a combination-lock when said engageable pin is pushed out, substantially as set forth.

2. In a lock, the combination, with the bolt mechanism, and push-pins guided in the easing, of a rotary barrel provided with a striker adapted to engage one of said push-pins and operate the bolt mechanism, spring-actuated segments inclosing 'the barrel and provided on their inner faces with grooves or channels and a trap, and a traveler arranged in the barrel and provided with means for engaging in said grooves or channels and passing through said traps, substantially as set forth.

3. In a lock, the combination, with the bolt mechanism, and push-pins guided in. the easin g, of arotary barrel provided with a striker,

spring-actuated segments inclosing the barrel and provided in their inner faces with I grooves or channels and a trap, and a traveler guided in a recess in the barrel and provided with antifriction roilers, and with a channels, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in pres-- ence of two subscribing Witnesses.

CHARLES VVICHERT. Witnesses:

PAUL GoEPEL, GEo. W. JAEKEL. 

